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2nd Approach Architecture Computer Edition Networking System Administration Free
Business administration |
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Management of a business |
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Two system administrators performing a system test | |
Occupation | |
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Names | System administrator, systems administrator, sysadmin, IT professional |
Profession | |
Activity sectors | Information technology |
Description | |
Competencies | System administration, network management, analytical skills, critical thinking |
Varies from apprenticeship to Masters degree in business |
A system administrator, or sysadmin, is a person who is responsible for the upkeep, configuration, and reliable operation of computer systems; especially multi-user computers, such as servers. The system administrator seeks to ensure that the uptime, performance, resources, and security of the computers they manage meet the needs of the users, without exceeding a set budget when doing so.
To meet these needs, a system administrator may acquire, install, or upgrade computer components and software; provide routine automation; maintain security policies; troubleshoot; train or supervise staff; or offer technical support for projects.
- 7Further reading
Related fields[edit]
Many organizations staff other jobs related to system administration. In a larger company, these may all be separate positions within a computer support or Information Services (IS) department. In a smaller group they may be shared by a few sysadmins, or even a single person.
- A database administrator (DBA) maintains a database system, and is responsible for the integrity of the data and the efficiency and performance of the system.
- A network administrator maintains network infrastructure such as switches and routers, and diagnoses problems with these or with the behavior of network-attached computers.
- A security administrator is a specialist in computer and network security, including the administration of security devices such as firewalls, as well as consulting on general security measures.
- A web administrator maintains web server services (such as Apache or IIS) that allow for internal or external access to web sites. Tasks include managing multiple sites, administering security, and configuring necessary components and software. Responsibilities may also include software change management.
- A computer operator performs routine maintenance and upkeep, such as changing backup tapes or replacing failed drives in a redundant array of independent disks (RAID). Such tasks usually require physical presence in the room with the computer, and while less skilled than sysadmin tasks, may require a similar level of trust, since the operator has access to possibly sensitive data.
- An SRE Site Reliability Engineer - takes a software engineering or programmatic approach to managing systems.
Training[edit]
Training at a system administration conference
Most employers[1] require a bachelor's degree in a related field, such as computer science, information technology, electronics engineering, or computer engineering. Some schools also offer undergraduate degrees and graduate programs in system administration.[2][3][4][5][6]
In addition, because of the practical nature of system administration and the easy availability of open-sourceserver software, many system administrators enter the field self-taught.
Generally, a prospective will be required to have some experience with the computer system they are expected to manage. In some cases, candidates are expected to possess industry certifications such as the Microsoft MCSA, MCSE, MCITP, Red Hat RHCE, Novell CNA, CNE, Cisco CCNA or CompTIA's A+ or Network+, Sun CertifiedSCNA, Linux Professional Institute, Linux Foundation Certified Engineer or Linux Foundation Certified System Administrator,[7] among others.
Sometimes, almost exclusively in smaller sites, the role of system administrator may be given to a skilled user in addition to or in replacement of his or her duties.
Skills[edit]
The subject matter of system administration includes computer systems and the ways people use them in an organization. This entails a knowledge of operating systems and applications, as well as hardware and software troubleshooting, but also knowledge of the purposes for which people in the organization use the computers.
Perhaps the most important skill for a system administrator is problem solving—frequently under various sorts of constraints and stress. The sysadmin is on call when a computer system goes down or malfunctions, and must be able to quickly and correctly diagnose what is wrong and how best to fix it.They may also need to have teamwork and communication skills; as well as being able to install and configure hardware and software.
Sysadmins must understand the behavior of software in order to deploy it and to troubleshoot problems, and generally know several programming languages used for scripting or automation of routine tasks. A typical sysadmin's role is not to design or write new application software but when they are responsible for automating system or application configuration with various configuration management tools, the lines somewhat blur. Depending on the sysadmin's role and skillset they may be expected to understand equivalent key/core concepts a software engineer understands. That said, system administrators are not software engineers or developers, in the job title sense.
Particularly when dealing with Internet-facing or business-critical systems, a sysadmin must have a strong grasp of computer security. This includes not merely deploying software patches, but also preventing break-ins and other security problems with preventive measures. In some organizations, computer security administration is a separate role responsible for overall security and the upkeep of firewalls and intrusion detection systems, but all sysadmins are generally responsible for the security of computer systems.
Duties[edit]
A system administrator's responsibilities might include:
- Analyzing system logs and identifying potential issues with computer systems.
- Applying operating system updates, patches, and configuration changes.
- Installing and configuring new hardware and software.
- Adding, removing, or updating user account information, resetting passwords, etc.
- Answering technical queries and assisting users.
- Responsibility for security.
- Responsibility for documenting the configuration of the system.
- Troubleshooting any reported problems.
- System performance tuning.
- Ensuring that the network infrastructure is up and running.
- Configuring, adding, and deleting file systems.
- Ensuring parity between dev, test and production environments.
- Training users
- Plan and manage the machine room environment
In larger organizations, some of the tasks above may be divided among different system administrators or members of different organizational groups. For example, a dedicated individual(s) may apply all system upgrades, a Quality Assurance (QA) team may perform testing and validation, and one or more technical writers may be responsible for all technical documentation written for a company. System administrators, in larger organizations, tend not to be systems architects, systems engineers, or systems designers.
In smaller organizations, the system administrator might also act as technical support, Database Administrator, Network Administrator, Storage (SAN) Administrator or application analyst.
See also[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to System administrators. |
Look up sysadmin in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
2nd Approach Architecture Computer Edition Networking System Administration Download
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References[edit]
This article incorporates public domain material from the United States Government document 'Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2010-11 Edition' by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
- ^'Network and Computer Systems Administrators : Occupational Outlook Handbook: : U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics'. www.bls.gov. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
- ^[1]Archived 2 April 2015 at the Wayback Machine
- ^B.S. Information Technology | Computer Science. Cs.unh.edu. Retrieved on 2013-07-17.
- ^[2]. Nssa.rit.edu (2013-01-04). Retrieved on 2013-07-17.
- ^[3]. mtu.edu. Retrieved on 2014-10-21,
- ^FSU Computer Science - Masters Degree Computer Network and System Administration. Cs.fsu.edu. Retrieved on 2013-07-17.
- ^[4]
Further reading[edit]
- Essential Linux Administration (Cengage Press): A Comprehensive Guide for Beginners, 2011 by Chuck Easttom
- Essential System Administration (O'Reilly), 3rd Edition, 2001, by Æleen Frisch
- The Practice of System and Network Administration (Addison-Wesley), 2nd Edition Jul. 5, 2007, by Thomas A. Limoncelli, Christine Hogan and Strata R. Chalup
- The Practice of System and Network Administration, The: Volume 1: DevOps and other Best Practices for Enterprise IT (Addison-Wesley), 3rd Edition Nov. 4, 2016, by Thomas A. Limoncelli, Christine Hogan, Strata R. Chalup
- The Practice of Cloud System Administration: Designing and Operating Large Distributed Systems, Volume 2 (Addison-Wesley), Sep. 2, 2014, by Thomas A. Limoncelli, Christine Hogan, Strata R. Chalup
- Principles of Network and System Administration (J. Wiley & Sons), 2000,2003(2ed), by Mark Burgess
- Time Management for System Administrators (O'Reilly), 2005, by Thomas A. Limoncelli
- UNIX and Linux System Administration Handbook (Prentice Hall), 5th Edition, Aug. 8, 2017, by Evi Nemeth, Garth Snyder, Trent R. Hein, Ben Whaley, Dan Mackin
![Computer Computer](https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/mydeveloperworks/blogs/nfrsblog/resource/BLOGS_UPLOADED_IMAGES/workbench-for-clm.png)
Technology Unions and related links[edit]
- The blue collar workers of the 21st century, Minnesota Public Radio, January 27, 2004
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=System_administrator&oldid=912831324'
Douglas Earl Comer is a professor of computer science at Purdue University, where he teaches courses on operating systems and computer networks. He has written numerous research papers and textbooks, and currently heads several networking research projects. He has been involved in TCP/IP and internetworking since the late 1970s, and is an internationally recognized authority. He designed and implemented X25NET and Cypress networks, and the Xinu operating system. He is director of the Internetworking Research Group at Purdue, editor of Software - Practice and Experience, and a former member of the Internet Architecture Board. Comer completed the original version of Xinu (and wrote correspondent book The Xinu Approach) in 1979. Since then, Xinu has been expanded and ported to a wide variety of platforms, including: IBM PC, Macintosh, Digital Equipment CorporationVAX and DECstation 3100, Sun MicrosystemsSun-2, Sun-3 and SPARCstations, and Intel Pentium. It has been used as the basis for many research projects. Furthermore, Xinu has been used as an embedded system in products by companies such as Motorola, Mitsubishi, Hewlett-Packard, and Lexmark. Download star wars battlefront 2 pc free full game download.
- 4Publications
Education and career[edit]
Comer holds a BS in Mathematics and Physics from Houghton College earned in 1971 and a PhD in Computer Science from Pennsylvania State University earned in 1976.
He is a Distinguished Professor of Computer Science and professor of electrical and computer engineering at Purdue University in the US.
Beginning in the late 1970s he started his continuing research into TCP/IP, which has earned him international fame in the field of Computer Science and computer networking.
Achievements[edit]
Douglas Comer headed a number of research projects associated with the creation of the Internet, and is the author of a number of books on Operating Systems, the Internet and TCP/IP networking, and computer architecture.
Comer is also the developer of the Xinu operating system.
Comer is well known for his series of ground breaking textbooks on computer networks, the Internet, computer operating systems, and computer architecture. His books have been translated into sixteen languages, and are widely used in both industry and academia. Comer's three-volume series Internetworking With TCP/IP is often cited as an authoritative reference for the Internet protocols.
For twenty years, Comer served as editor-in-chief of the research journal Software—Practice And Experience, published by John Wiley & Sons. Comer is a Fellow of the ACM and the recipient of numerous teaching awards.
Research Grants[edit]
- Csnet Protocol Development – 1981
- High-Level Network Protocols: Computer Research – 1983
- Feasibility Studies of High-Performance Communication Over Public Packet-Switched Networks – 1984
- Cypress: A Proposed Cost Effective Packet-Switched Interconnection Strategy – 1985
- Shadow Editing – 1986
- Computer Research Equipment – 1987
- Extensible Terascale Facility (ETF): Indiana-Purdue Grid (IP-grid) – 2003
- FIA: Collaborative Research: NEBULA: A Future Internet That Supports Trustworthy Cloud Computing – 2010
Publications[edit]
Comer has authored numerous research papers and seventeen popular textbooks that have been translated into sixteen languages.
2nd Approach Architecture Computer Edition Networking System Administration Pdf
Networks and Internets (including TCP/IP Protocols)[edit]
- Internetworking With TCP/IP Volume III: Client-Server Programming and Applications, BSD Socket Version – 1996
- Internetworking With TCP/IP Volume III: Client-Server Programming and Applications, AT&T TLI Version – 1996
- Internetworking With TCP/IP Volume III: Client-Server Programming and Applications, Windows Sockets Version – 1997
- Internetworking With TCP/IP Volume II: Design, Implementation, and Internals – 1999
- Internetworking With TCP/IP Volume III: Client-Server Programming and Applications, Linux/POSIX Socket Version – 2000
- Hands-on Networking with Internet Applications – 2004
- Network Systems Design Using Network Processors – 2004
- Network Systems Design Using Network Processors, Agere version – 2005
- Automated Network Management Systems – 2006
- Network Systems Design Using Network Processors, Intel 2xxx version – 2006
- The Internet Book: Everything you need to know about computer networking and how the Internet works – 2007
- Computer Networks And Internets Sixth Edition – 2014
- Internetworking With TCP/IP Volume 1: Principles, Protocols, and Architecture, 6th edition – 2013
Computer Architecture And Operating Systems[edit]
- Operating System Design Volume 2: Internetworking with XINU – 1987
- Operating System Design Volume 1: The XINU Approach, PC version – 1988
- Operating System Design Volume 1: The XINU Approach, Macintosh version – 1989
- Internetworking With TCP/IP Volume II: Design, Implementation, and Internals – 1994
- Essentials Of Computer Architecture – 2005
- Operating System Design - The XINU Approach, Second edition – 2015
Awards[edit]
- Usenix 'The Flame' Lifetime Achievement Award (as part of the Software Tools Project) – 1996
- Listed in Purdue University Book of Great Teachers – 1999
- Fellow of the ACM – 2000
- Fellow of the Purdue University Teaching Academy – 2003
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Courtesy Appointment – 2003
- Purdue University Distinguished Professor – 2004
- Joel and Ruth Spira Excellence in Teaching Award – 2012
References[edit]
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Douglas_Comer&oldid=845604697'